Vairocanavajra, born in Somnathpuri, South Koshala, was a royal descendant who studied in Nalanda Monastery. Under the yogi Surapela, he learned doha songs and alchemy. In China, he showcased alchemical skills by drinking mercury, leading to imprisonment. In Tibet, he collaborated on translations and had notable students. Praised for his humble and truthful nature, he's considered part of a Kagyu sister lineage. His translations of dohas from Apabhramsha are highly valued, and he wrote Tengyur commentaries. Vairocanavajra, sometimes known as Vairocana, Bhero, or Berowa, shouldn't be confused with the eighth-century Tibetan Vairocanarakshita.
Dusum Khyenpa is known as the 1st Karmapa. Dusum Khyenpa is the founder of the Karma (Kamtsang) branch of the Kagyu Tradition. Dusum Khyenpa was born in Kham
He served as Abbot of Daklha Gampo monastery after Gampopa and founded the Tsurphu monastery. He is becoming the seat of the incarnate Karmapa lamas.
Dusum Khyenpa was the founder of the Karma Kagyu school and of its three main monasteries: Kampo Nenang Gon in 1164, Karma Gon .